Holistic Approaches to Infectious Diseases by unknow

Author:unknow
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781771883122
Publisher: CRC Press
Published: 2017-09-15T00:00:00+00:00

5.4 STRUCTURE OF HIV-1

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a member of the retrovirus family) that leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a condition in humans in which the immune system begins to fail, leading to life-threatening opportunistic infections ( Coffin et al., 1986 ). HIV is different in structure from other retroviruses. It is roughly spherical ( McGovern et al., 2002 ) with a diameter of about 120 nm, around 60 times smaller than a red blood cell, yet large for a virus. It is composed of two copies of positive single-stranded RNA that codes for the virus’ nine genes enclosed by a conical capsid composed of 2,000 copies of the viral protein p24 (Figure 1.1 and Table 5.2).

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